Cov hlau uas muaj cov ntsiab lus microalloying ntxiv xws li Ti, Nb, V, W, thiab Mo, nrog rau cov hmoov hlau metallurgy, tshav kub- cov alloys resistant, thiab ceramic matrix composites, muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov qoob loo loj hlob thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov qoob loo tsis zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
1. Microalloyed Steel (Mainstream Xaiv)
|
Hom khoom |
Core Mechanism |
Qib Tus Neeg Sawv Cev |
Siv tau Scenarios |
|
Ti-muaj Steel |
TiC siab -kub stability, muaj zog grain ciam pinning |
H13+Ti, 4Cr5MoSiV1-Ti |
Siab - cheeb tsam qhov kub thiab txias (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1200 degree) |
|
Nb-muaj Steel |
NbC dynamic nag lossis daus, tiv thaiv grain engulfment |
H13+Nb, 3Cr2W8V-Nb |
Thaj tsam kub hloov pauv |
|
V-muaj Steel |
VC nruab nrab-kub stability, nruab nrab nqi |
H13+V, 5CrNiMo-V |
Nruab nrab- cheeb tsam qhov kub thiab txias (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 900 degree) |
|
W/Mo{0}}muaj Steel |
WC / Mo₂C siab melting point, muaj zog creep kuj |
H13+W, 5Cr4W5Mo2V |
Siab heev - qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig |
Qhov zoo: Txhim kho los ntawm cov tsoos H13, zoo machinability, dav siv hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li nozzles thiab manifolds.
2. Intrinsically Fine-Grained Steel (Nyob rau cov pwm tshiab)
Al-Killed H13: AlN yog tsim los ntawm Al deoxidation, nrog rau kev faib tawm ntawm cov nplej coarsening thaum cua sov;
Fine-Grained 4Cr5MoSiV1: Tswj cov txheej txheem deoxidation thaum lub sij hawm smelting ua kom zoo thiab zoo li qub microstructure (grain loj 5-8).
Nta: Tsis xav tau cov alloys kim, tus nqi siab -effectiveness, haum rau ntau lawm.
3. Powder Metallurgy Steel (High-End Applications)
PM-H13: Thawj cov qoob loo nce mus txog 8-10, tsis tshua muaj carbide faib, thiab tsis kam mus rau cov qoob loo loj hlob deb tshaj li cov tsoos steels;
ASP-23: Siab- steel ceev, muaj cov qib siab ntawm V thiab Mo, ultra-zoo microstructure + ntau dispersed carbides, zoo heev kub-resistant.
Qhov zoo: zoo isotropy, qaug zog lub neej ntau dua 30% siab dua, haum rau precision pwm hauv kev kho mob, kho qhov muag, thiab lwm yam kev siv.
4. Thaum tshav kub kub-resistant alloys (ultra-kev siv kub)
|
Khoom siv |
Qhov siab tshaj qhov kev pabcuam kub |
Yam ntxwv |
|
Inconel 718 (nickel{1}}raws li) |
1100 degree |
' theem ntxiv zog, muaj zog oxidation thiab creep kuj |
|
Haynes 230 (nickel{1}}chromium) |
1150 degree |
Zoo heev creep kuj, siab stability |
|
Stellite 6 (cobalt-raws li) |
1000 degree |
Hnav-resistant thiab corrosion-resistant, haum rau corrosive ib puag ncig |
Lus Cim: Tus nqi siab, ua haujlwm nyuaj, feem ntau yog siv los hloov cov khoom tseem ceeb.
5. Ceramic matrix composites (txiav-kev tshawb fawb ntug)
SiC/SiC, Al₂O₃/ZrO₂: Hlau -dawb grain qauv, kub tsis kam tshaj 1400 degree, yuav luag tsis muaj thermal deformation;
Daim ntaub ntawv: Siv los ua hnav- cov khoom tiv taus xws li cov nozzle liners thiab flow dividers, ua ke nrog cov hlau matrices.
