Kev txiav txim siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxhov siab raws li hom kev ntxhov siab hauv cov khoom lag luam ib puag ncig kev ua haujlwm hinges ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov kev ntxhov siab 1-2 uas ua rau feem ntau ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom lossis cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm thiab xyuas kom lawv ua raws li qhov tseeb tsis ua haujlwm. Cov hauv qab no yog ib txoj kev ntsuam xyuas systematic:
1. Txheeb xyuas tej yam kev ntxhov siab nyob hauv ib puag ncig
Ua ntej, ua kom tiav categorize cov kev ntxhov siab uas tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom lag luam ib puag ncig. Kev ntxhov siab ib puag ncig xws li:
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Hom kev nyuaj siab |
Tej qhov chaw thiab kev tshwm sim |
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Kub ntxhov siab |
Siab -kub laus, thermal cycling, kub poob siab (xws li, suab puam diurnal kub variation, hluav taws xob ntaus ntawv pib-nce thiab kaw) |
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Humidity Stress |
Cov av noo siab ua rau muaj kev nqus dej noo, hydrolysis, thiab electrochemical tsiv teb tsaws (xws li, thaj chaw sov sov, thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv) |
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Mechanical Stress |
Kev vibration (tsheb thauj khoom), kev cuam tshuam (kev thauj mus los), kev nrawm nrawm (centrifuges) |
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Tshuaj Stress |
Ntsev tshuaj txhuam hniav (ib puag ncig marine), SO₂ / NOₓ muaj kuab paug (qhov chaw lag luam), ozone aging (cov khoom siv roj hmab) |
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Teeb Kev Nyuaj Siab |
Ultraviolet hluav taws xob ua rau polymer degradation, fading, thiab embrittlement (sab nraum raug) |
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Hluav taws xob Stress |
Siab -voltage bias, to tam sim no, electromigration (semiconductor device operating tej yam kev mob) |
Tswv yim: Cov kev ntxhov siab tseem ceeb ntawm txhua theem ntawm cov khoom lag luam (kev khaws cia, kev thauj mus los, kev siv, kev saib xyuas) tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas nyias.
2. Peb Yam Kev Txiav Txim Siab Tseem Ceeb
(1) Txoj Kev Tsis Txaus Siab Rov Qab Txiav Txim Siab (Txhim Kho Siab Tshaj)
Los ntawm keeb kwm tsis ua haujlwm lossis kev tshuaj xyuas FMEA, thim rov qab txiav tawm qhov kev ntxhov siab tseem ceeb ua rau tsis ua haujlwm:
Yog hais tias solder sib koom ua ke tawg los yog kev sib tshuam delamination tshwm sim → ua ntej kub caij tsheb kauj vab lossis kev co txhua yam
Yog tias cov rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua haujlwm, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm dendrite, lossis nce qhov dej tawm tshwm sim → taw tes rau cov cua sov + tsis zoo voltage (H3TRB) lossis electrochemical migration
Yog hais tias cov khoom siv hmoov, discoloration, los yog embrittlement tshwm sim → feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm ultraviolet lub teeb los yog thermo- oxidative laus
Yog hais tias cov khoom hlau corrode los yog tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv → xyuam xim rau ntsev tsuag los yog high humidity ib puag ncig
(2) Environmental Intensity Comparison Method
Sib piv qhov siv thiab lub sijhawm ntawm ntau yam kev ntxhov siab hauv ib puag ncig no:
Tropical regions: high temperature (>40℃) and humidity >80% RH xyoo- puag ncig → damp kub coupling kev ntxhov siab yog qhov tseem ceeb
Txias lossis siab - thaj tsam qhov siab: qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nce mus txog 50℃lossis ntau dua → Kev kub ntxhov ntawm kev caij tsheb kauj vab yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ntug hiav txwv / chaw xa khoom: High NaCl cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv huab cua → ntsev tsuag corrosion kev nyuaj siab tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Kev lag luam hauv cheeb tsam: Muaj cov roj corrosive xws li SO₂ thiab NOₓ → Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam. (3) Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv yog qhov ua tau zoo rau cov kev ntxhov siab tshwj xeeb: FR-4 PCB substrate: rhiab heev rau cov cua sov, yooj yim nqus dej noo thiab nthuav dav → Ua ntej tshaj qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov dej kub kub. Aluminium alloy plhaub: Yooj yim tsim kev ntxhov siab corrosion tawg nyob rau hauv tensile kev nyuaj siab thiab av noo. Organic ntim cov ntaub ntawv (xws li epoxy resin): Yooj yim degraded los ntawm UV → Photoaging yog lub ntsiab ua rau. BGA solder sib koom: CTE mismatch → rhiab heev rau kub cycling.
3. Cov txheej txheem txiav txim hauv kev siv cov tswv yim
Kev Sau Cov Ntaub Ntawv: Cov khoom siv scenario, thaj chaw huab cua, hom kev ua haujlwm, ntim qauv
Sau Cov Kev Nyuaj Siab: Sau los ntawm qhov ntev xws li qhov kub thiab txias, av noo, mechanical, tshuaj, thiab lub teeb raug
Weighted Sorting: Sort raws li kev siv zog, lub sijhawm, thiab cov khoom rhiab heev
Txheeb xyuas 1-2 Cov Kev Nyuaj Siab Loj: Cov no yog cov khoom siv simulation tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj kev laus kom nrawm
Txheeb xyuas Failure Mechanism Consistency: Xyuas kom meej tias kev ntsuas nrawm tsis qhia txog txoj hauv kev tsis muaj tseeb
Piv txwv li: Lub tsheb -mounted lub koob yees duab module siv nyob rau hauv South China
Environmental Characteristics: High temperature (>50℃), high humidity (>85% RH), muaj zog tshav ntuj, kev co
Failure Modes: Lens delamination, duab plooj
Kev tsom xam: Lub ntsiab ua rau delamination yog thermal expansion txawv + noo noo nkag mus → Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxhov siab yog kub cycling + damp kub
Cov qauv sib xws: JESD22-A104 (TCT) + HAST (JESD22-A101)
Summary : Kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev ntxhov siab tsis yog tsuas yog teev cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig, tab sis kev ntsuam xyuas kev sib txuas ua ke tsis ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv, thiab kev siv ib puag ncig. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev nkag siab qhov "faus yam" tiag tiag peb tuaj yeem tsim cov kev daws teeb meem zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntxiv.
