Lub hauv paus ntawm kev txiav txim siab seb qhov vuam tawg yog tshwm sim los ntawm overheating yog kom paub meej tias muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm overheating xws li grain ciam oxidation, remelting spheres, los yog intergranular tawg los ntawm metallographic tsom xam, ua ke nrog kev pab cuam keeb kwm thiab cov txheej txheem tsis rau kev txiav txim siab.
1. Metallographic Microscopy Observation (Decisive Basis)
Grain Boundary Oxidation Network: Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom, cov oxides dub tas li (xws li FeO, Cr₂O₃) raug pom ntawm cov ciam teb, ib qho kev qhia ntawm overheating;
Remelting Spheres (Liquid Phase Traces): Rounded solidified droplet-zoo li cov qauv tshwm sim ntawm cov kab ciam ciam teb, qhia tias qhov kub hauv zos tshaj cov khoom melting point;
Intergranular Cracks: Cov kab nrib pleb nruj nreem txuas nrog cov ciam teb, nthuav tawm "khoom qab zib-zoo li" lossis "pob zeb-zoo li tawg," yam tsis muaj cov yas deformation;
Voids thiab Microcrack Clusters: Pawg ntawm micropores los yog microcracks tshwm nyob rau hauv thaj av ciam teb, tawm tswv yim intensified atomic diffusion ntawm kub.
Kev Txiav Txim Siab: Kev ntsuas ntsuas raws li GB / T 6394. Yog tias pom ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv saum toj no, qhov tawg yog ncaj qha ntsig txog kev kub dhau.
2. Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Sib Txuas Txheej Txheem thiab Kev Pabcuam Keeb Kwm
Factor Correlation
Cua sov kub> 1150 degree: Lub overheating kub ntawm H13 steel yog kwv yees li 1150 degree; overheating yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb.
Ntev ntev ntev -Tub kub tuav: Exacerbates grain ciam oxidation thiab void aggregation, txhawb overheating.
Temperature Control System Malfunction: Thermocouple drift los yog qhov chaw tsis raug ua rau qhov ntsuas kub tiag tiag siab dua li qhov muaj nqis.
Rov Ua Vuam / Kho Vuam: Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua rau cov cua sov rov ua dua ntawm cov cua sov- cuam tshuam thaj chaw, ua kom kub dhau.
Tswv yim tswv yim: Tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv cua kub nkhaus ntawm qhov kub khiav kom paub meej tias puas tau muaj cua sov los yog ntev tuav.
3. Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM): Qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pob txha tawg morphology, tsis muaj cov qauv dimple, thiab cov khoom oxide adhering rau saum npoo;
Kev Ntsuas Hardness: Loj hardness hloov pauv hauv tshav kub- cuam tshuam thaj chaw, nrog thaj chaw softening zones (nyob ib ncig ntawm oxides) coexisting nrog cov theem nyuaj;
Tsis yog-Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Puas Tsuaj (PT/UT): Kev ntsuas Penetrant tuaj yeem nthuav tawm saum npoo -qhib cov kab nrib pleb, thiab kev kuaj ultrasonic qhia tawm sab hauv intergranular propagation.
Kev Ceeb Toom Tshwj Xeeb: Yog tias qhov tawg tshwm sim tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm vuam txias yam tsis muaj kev thauj khoom sab nraud, feem ntau nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias muaj cua sov ntau dhau -induced.
4. Cov txheej txheem txiav txim pom zoo
Sampling thiab Testing: Txiav ib tug ntoo khaub lig-sectional qauv los ntawm qhov chaw tawg;
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Metallographic: Saib xyuas lub xeev ciam teb tom qab etching kom paub meej tias muaj oxides thiab remelted spheres;
Kev Tshawb Fawb Keeb Kwm: Txheeb xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, tuav lub sijhawm, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas kub;
Kev Txiav Txim Siab: Muab cov yam ntxwv ntawm microscopic thiab cov txheej txheem ua kom paub tseeb tias nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm overheating.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev nyab xeeb: Thaum nws tau lees paub tias qhov kev puas tsuaj yog tshwm sim los ntawm overheating, cov khoom tivthaiv yog irreparable, yuav tsum tsis txhob siv, thiab yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim ntawd.
